What is Working Principle of Laser Pointers

To understand working principle of laser pointers, one must understand a bit about the light emission and absorption properties of atoms, as well as the electronic structure in atoms. Every atom has a nucleus with electrons revolving around it at different distances. The electrons are bound to the nucleus by the electrical attraction, that exists between positive protons in the nucleus and the negatively charged electrons.

The name 'LASER' is actually an acronym that stands for 'Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation'. The answer to how lasers work, is right in its name itself. Lasers work through light amplification, achieved by the quantum mechanical phenomenon of stimulated emission.

You will find lasers everywhere today. Right from CD and DVD reader/writers to industrial and surgical applications, lasers are used in many fields of human endeavor. This article is a short introduction to show working principle of laser pointers.

The electrons are in specific and well defined orbits, while revolving around the nucleus. These well defined orbits have specific energy associated with them. One can think of these energy levels as steps on a ladder, which are not equally spaced however. Each higher step on the energy ladder has higher energy than the one below. The first few steps on this energy ladder are the ground states and all the next ones are 'excited energy'. These orbits are not well defined but spread out in space due to the uncertainty principle of quantum physics. That is, we cannot say where exactly an electron is, but only calculate probabilities of it being in an energy level which is spread out in space. There is a fuzzy cloud of electrons around the nucleus. This is called the electron cloud model.Electrons keep hopping between these energy steps or levels. Read more on:
The laser working principle is based on the concept of population inversion and stimulated emission. As I said before, normally very few atoms have electrons in the excited state. Population inversion is all about inverting the population of electrons in ground states, so that maximum electron have atoms in the excited state. This is achieved by bombardment of photons on the atoms, so that many electrons absorb energy and rise to higher excited states. It is known as pumping.
Stimulated emission, unlike spontaneous emission is biasing the probability of electron transition to lower states, causing emission of photons. It is achieved by bombarding of atoms with photons, which have exactly the same energy, as difference between the transition energy levels. To get a monochromatic and coherent light output from a bunch of atoms, many electrons need to be in a specific excited state at the same time and they must make the transition to a lower state, in unison! The light output is monochromatic or single wavelength, as all the atoms emit photons of same energy and it's coherent as the photon emissions occur in unison!
Now that I have given you some idea about the laser working principles, let us have a look at the working of laser and laser pointer. A laser consists of a 'Gain Medium', placed in a resonant cavity, with facility for pumping the gain medium. The gain medium also known as 'lasing medium' is a bunch of atoms, molecules or a mixture of atoms selected according to the wavelength of laser light that is needed. The gain medium is selected after studying spectroscopic emission properties of various atoms. A resonant cavity is an enclosure with reflecting mirror on one side and semi reflecting mirror on the other side. The gain medium is first pumped, that is the atoms are excited by bombardment of photons. These atoms have electrons in excited states which emit photons. These photons keep bouncing around in the gain medium, as they are reflected due to the mirrors. This causes stimulated emission, which increases the number of excited electrons. When these electrons get deexcited, they release photons of the same energy and wavelength. This creates a concentrated, monochromatic output of photons, which escapes out of the semi-silvered mirror, giving a laser output! This light beam can be concentrated by the usage of lenses, giving it directionality, which is a feature of laser light.
According to the lasing medium, the wavelength of laser output changes. There are many types of lasers, differentiated by the gain medium used. Hope this article has given you a rough idea of how does a laser work and provide a monochromatic, coherent and directional light output. To fully understand how lasers work in detail, one must understand some concepts of quantum mechanics and a lot of electronics.

What was the cause of the blue laser pointers much more expensive?

Both blue laser pointers and green laser pointers use a pump diode that gives out infrared 808nm light that is used to pump the same type of crystals. The pumped crystals in turn give out light in the far infrared spectrum. The difference between blue lasers and green lasers is the optical coatings on the pumped crystals and the type of far infrared light produced by these crystals.
The pumped crystals in a green laser pointer have an optical coating that causes the crystals to give out mostly 1064nm infrared light that is frequency doubled by another crystal to green 532nm light. The pumped crystals in a blue laser pointer have a different coating that causes the crystals to give out mostly 946nm infrared light that is also frequency doubled by another crystal to 473nm light.

The process of producing 1064nm light is much more efficient than making 946nm light so blue laser pointers need a large pump diode to produce the same power. The larger pump diode makes blue laser pointers more expensive. The frequency doubling crystals in blue laser pointers are rarer and more expensive than those in green laser pointers.

It is not just blue laser pointers that are more expensive. Blue laser modules, OEM blue lasers and blue lab lasers are also much more expensive than their green counterparts. The reason for such a large price differences are the processes used to generate the laser beam, the components used that the manufacturing volumes.

Green laser pointers have better visibility than blue laser pointers and have less temperature problems at higher power levels. This means that green lasers are used for a larger number of diverse applications such as astronomy, pointing, burning and signaling and are manufactured in very high volumes. Blue laser pointers on the other hand are much more limited in their application and are manufactured in much lower volumes. Like any product, the lower the volume produced, the more expensive the product is.

Skin Conditions Treated by Lasers

The most common use of laser in dermatology is in the treatment of vascular lesions using lasers. It was used primarily for treating port wine stains in children. However, with modifications of the initial parameters which allow longer pulses and wavelengths, it is increasingly being used in the treatment of blood vessel diseases and also for epidermal cooling. Smaller superficial vascular malformations respond better than treatment of deeper, larger blood vessels with an approximate 80% fading after 8 to 10 treatments. Most of lasers in dermatology and skin conditions treated include 473nm lasers,532nm lasers,635nm lasers,650nm lasers,671nm lasers,980nm lasers and 1064nm lasers,etc. These lasers have also been used to remove viral warts, acne and psoriasis. Keloids and hypertrophic scars, which have been traditionally difficult to remove, can be eradicated by vaporising lasers like carbon dioxide and erbium.

Unwanted hair can be effectively removed or reduced using lasers such as 635nm lasers or 1064nm lasers. These lasers target the melanin within the hair shaft and bulb causing the destruction of cells. This results in the slowing down the ability of hair growth.

Laser resurfacing allows the collagen in the skin to be rebuilt, making a patient look younger by reducing the wrinkles in the skin. The most commonly used noninvasive device, green lasers or red lasers emitting diodes have been used to stimulate the fibroblasts in the skin to produce collagen, elastin and glycosaminoglycans to rejuvenate the skin.

It is important that the anybody using laser devices should be thoroughly trained and the patients and the clinic staff be given eye protection. You must be wearing laser safety goggles or protective goggles. Patients should keep in mind that laser treatments are basically burns, which can cause temporary pain, infection and redness. Understanding the inherent risks and complications is crucial. So, before going for a laser treatment, please consult a qualified laser surgeon.

All Titanium Green Lasers: When Rarest Titanium Embraces Lasers

Ordinary green lasers are everywhere, but their limitations sometimes minimize their usefulness in varying environments. For example, the crystal and electric circuits would be eroded over time if the ordinary green lasers are operated at too humid environments. The incompetent heat transfer will easily make ordinary green lasers overheated after being turned on for a little while. Some green laser pointers are made to be too fragile to stand the shock and shake in normal use. To make the breakthrough upon existing laser pens or portable alloy-made lasers are barely possible. The laser pointers and portable lasers need to be revoluntionized anyway, while it's obviously difficult to keep the costs down, especially when the employment of all titanium strikes the engineers at jetlasers.We all know titanium is a critical strategic metal used in aerospace, automobiles, prosthetics, architecture and sporting goods. Nobody ever did think of using it on laser pointer pens or portable lasers, right? After all, to most people, laser tech is such a cutting-edge technology that it takes a lot of money to get a high stability laser pointer itself.Simply the use of titanium on green laser pens or portable green lasers can potentially shock most laser hobbyists. However, jet lasers or jetlasers company knows how to shock people better. People soon find themselves lost in a land of unique and revoluntionized all-titanium laser models. The lasers are waterproof to 30 meters and will be free from any oxidation even it's soaked in water for 3 years. The anti-shock feature is also surpising enough, and it will stay well even if it falls down from 14 meters' height. We've tested the all titanium casing that equips the led, it works well after such intense "fall".It seems that time has come for everyone to have a almighty green laser pointer that can be used in all kinds of weather conditions.Background InformationPartnered with the the biggest Titanium production base in northern China, Jetlasers also comes up with the patented military-grade pure titanium green laser pointer models, which hits the market the moment it strikes the idealism of the universal laser world. A series of photonics exhibitions witness the rise of Jetlasers all titanium laser models, while more and more laser hobbyists have been enthusing about those rarest and robustest lasers in their collection and meanwhile they bring the good name of the unique portable laser products into the world.

When Titanium Houses Laser Diode Tightly

Ordinary green lasers are everywhere, but their limitations sometimes minimize their usefulness in varying environments. For example, the crystal and electric circuits would be eroded over time if the ordinary green lasers are operated at too humid environments. The incompetent heat transfer will easily make ordinary green lasers overheated after being turned on for a little while. Some green laser pointers are made to be too fragile to stand the shock and shake in normal use.

To make the breakthrough upon existing laser pens or portable alloy-made lasers are barely possible. The laser pointers and portable lasers need to be revoluntionized anyway, while it’s obviously difficult to keep the costs down, especially when the employment of all titanium strikes the engineers at jetlasers.

We all know titanium is a critical strategic metal used in aerospace, automobiles, prosthetics, architecture and sporting goods. Nobody ever did think of using it on laser pointer pens or portable lasers, right? After all, to most people, laser tech is such a cutting-edge technology that it takes a lot of money to get a high stability laser pointer itself.

Simply the use of titanium on green laser pens or portable green lasers can potentially shock most laser hobbyists. However, jet lasers or jetlasers company knows how to shock people better. People soon find themselves lost in a land of unique and revoluntionized all-titanium laser models.

The lasers are waterproof to 30 meters and will be free from any oxidation even it’s soaked in water for 3 years. The anti-shock feature is also surpising enough, and it will stay well even if it falls down from 14 meters’ height. We’ve tested the all titanium casing that equips the led, it works well after such intense “fall”.

It seems that time has come for everyone to have a almighty green laser pointer that can be used in all kinds of weather conditions.

Background Information

Partnered with the the biggest Titanium production base in northern China, Jetlasers also comes up with the patented military-grade pure titanium green laser pointer models(including laser dazzlers), which hits the market the moment it strikes the idealism of the universal laser world. A series of photonics exhibitions witness the rise of Jetlasers all titanium laser models, while more and more laser hobbyists have been enthusing about those rarest and robustest lasers in their collection and meanwhile they bring the good name of the unique portable laser products into the world.

About Jetlasers

JiNan Jet Lasers Optics Tech Co., Ltd.

www.jetlasers.net

JiNan Jet Lasers Optics Tech Co., Ltd. is a specialized manufacturer for high quality diode-pumped solid-state lasers. With a group of engineers with years of experience in laser research and manufacturing, JetLasers are always innovating and developing new laser products to meet the universal needs for high stability & quality products to our customers.

Founded in 2005 by a few young enigineers as a laser workshop that only provided limited OEM and processing services, Jetlasers Inc. has grown to one of the most renown independent laser manufacturer in northern China. Been partnering with top factories in China, Jetlasers has becomes a specialized laser producer that provides a wide range of laser products for labs, scientific, military, and medical uses.

The laser products Jet Lasers designs and manufactures are featured with high efficiency, high reliability, longer time and maintenance free, and they're one of the rarest lasers with ultra high cost performance. In recent years, Jetlasers products not only gradually passed the certification of CE, RoHs and FDA, but also have widely used laser display, Laser Alignment, Scanning Biochemistry and Material Inspection Lidar, Wafer Inspection, Optical Data Storage, etc. A special thanks to support and partnership of CNI, Scitower and other top-notch laser manufacturers, Jetlasers makes great headway in the optoelectronic field since 2007.

Partnered with the the biggest Titanium production base in northern China, Jetlasers also comes up with the patented military-grade pure titanium laser models, which hits the market the moment it strikes the idealism of the universal laser world. A series of photonics exhibitions witness the rise of Jetlasers all titanium laser models, while more and more laser hobbists have been enthusing about those rarest and robustest lasers in their collection and meanwhile they bring the good name of the unique portable laser products into the world. In the following years, Jetlasers will be committed to making more and more breakthroughs.

Whether you are a retail client, general user, engineering director, or government purchaser, we're open to your ideas and requirements and committed to getting the right laser product and installation for you, at a fair price, on time, with unmatched quality.